government to deport him.įrom among the others who legally challenged their forced removal and imprisonment, four stand out as landmark cases. At that time, Wakayama told Nakamura he had been forced at gun-point at Tule Lake to renounce his U.S. He had also become a central figure in the controversy over the Japanese Evacuation and Resettlement Study project involving Rosalie Hankey Wax, who admitted turning over information to the FBI that resulted in Wakayama's deportation.Īfter the war, Tetsujiro "Tex" Nakamura visited Wakayama in Japan. However, at the Tule Lake Segregation Center, Wakayama gained notoriety as one of the faction leaders of the Sokuji Kikoku Hoshi Dan, which supported a return to Japan. Wirin filed Wakayama's lawsuit as a test case on behalf of the Southern California ACLU. Shortly after, Ernest was arrested with several others at Santa Anita for holding alleged secret meetings in the Japanese language in an effort to organize a protest against camp conditions.Ī.L. He filed a writ of habeas corpus in August 1942 while imprisoned at the Santa Anita Assembly Center. citizen, born in the Territory of Hawaii, and a veteran of the First World War. This was the case with Ernest Kinzo and his wife Toki Wakayama. the United States to a number of renunciation lawsuits such as McGrath vs. These cases ranged from several draft resisters' lawsuits such as Fujii vs. Japanese Americans filed several legal challenges during World War II in an effort to reclaim their constitutional and human rights.
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